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test-and-measurement:guides:complementary-labs:lab3:start [2021/05/14 23:05] – ↷ Page moved from reference:test-and-measurement:guides:complementary-labs:lab3:start to test-and-measurement:guides:complementary-labs:lab3:start Arthur Browntest-and-measurement:guides:complementary-labs:lab3:start [2022/10/04 11:38] (current) – external edit 127.0.0.1
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 **Hardware** **Hardware**
-  * [[https://store.digilentinc.com/analog-discovery-studio-a-portable-circuits-laboratory-for-every-student/|Analog Discovery Studio]] +  * [[https://digilent.com/shop/analog-discovery-studio-a-portable-circuits-laboratory-for-every-student/|Analog Discovery Studio]] 
-  * [[https://store.digilentinc.com/breadboard-canvas/|Breadboard Canvas]]+  * [[https://digilent.com/shop/breadboard-canvas/|Breadboard Canvas]]
   * 2N3904, or compatible NPN transistor   * 2N3904, or compatible NPN transistor
   * 741, or compatible operational amplifier   * 741, or compatible operational amplifier
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 **Software** **Software**
   * [[https://www.multisim.com/|Multisim Live]]   * [[https://www.multisim.com/|Multisim Live]]
-  * [[reference:software:waveforms:waveforms-3:start|]]+  * [[software:waveforms:waveforms-3:start]]
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 ---- ----
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-<html><iframe width="1170" height="600" src="https://www.multisim.com/content/Y6kRU72ki9iqXqGsBzoB2h/lab-3-amplifier-frequency-response-ce-amplifier/open"></iframe></html>+<html><iframe width="100%" height="600" src="https://www.multisim.com/content/Y6kRU72ki9iqXqGsBzoB2h/lab-3-amplifier-frequency-response-ce-amplifier/open"></iframe></html>
  
 == Input Coupling Capacitor == == Input Coupling Capacitor ==
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-<html><iframe width="1170" height="600" src="https://www.multisim.com/content/vnSVx9heXhzPqTv6roojyP/lab-3-amplifier-frequency-response-opamp-open-loop/open"></iframe></html>+<html><iframe width="100%" height="600" src="https://www.multisim.com/content/vnSVx9heXhzPqTv6roojyP/lab-3-amplifier-frequency-response-opamp-open-loop/open"></iframe></html>
  
 --> Questions and Exercises # --> Questions and Exercises #
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-<html><iframe width="1170" height="600" src="https://www.multisim.com/content/p435farficemUUEPwFYR5J/lab-3-amplifier-frequency-response-opamp-inverting-amplifier/open"></iframe></html>+<html><iframe width="100%" height="600" src="https://www.multisim.com/content/p435farficemUUEPwFYR5J/lab-3-amplifier-frequency-response-opamp-inverting-amplifier/open"></iframe></html>
  
 --> Questions and Exercises # --> Questions and Exercises #
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 === Slew Rate === === Slew Rate ===
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-The opamp contains many transistors similar to what we discussed in the [[reference:test-and-measurement:guides:complementary-labs:lab3:start#common_emitter_amplifier|CE amplifier]] section, at high frequencies the capacitors inside the transistor begins to affect the output. In addition to parasitic capacitance, the opamp also has a compensation capacitor. The compensation capacitor is added to give a predictable frequency response and to prevent oscillation.+The opamp contains many transistors similar to what we discussed in the [[test-and-measurement:guides:complementary-labs:lab3:start#common_emitter_amplifier|CE amplifier]] section, at high frequencies the capacitors inside the transistor begins to affect the output. In addition to parasitic capacitance, the opamp also has a compensation capacitor. The compensation capacitor is added to give a predictable frequency response and to prevent oscillation.
  
 The first stage inside the opamp is the differential amplifier shown in the image to the right. This circuit compares the input voltage at the opamp input terminals. The compensation capacitor is at the differential output. If you recall, a capacitor has an exponential charging rate which has a certain slope. When the input signal frequency is high, the slope of the input signal is greater than the slope of the compensation capacitor, as a result, the capacitor can cause distortion known as slew rate distortion. The first stage inside the opamp is the differential amplifier shown in the image to the right. This circuit compares the input voltage at the opamp input terminals. The compensation capacitor is at the differential output. If you recall, a capacitor has an exponential charging rate which has a certain slope. When the input signal frequency is high, the slope of the input signal is greater than the slope of the compensation capacitor, as a result, the capacitor can cause distortion known as slew rate distortion.
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-<html><iframe width="1170" height="600" src="https://www.multisim.com/content/Hc3Be3LhTbH8utrDVmJYGc/lab-3-amplifier-frequency-response-opamp-slew-rate/open"></iframe></html>+<html><iframe width="100%" height="600" src="https://www.multisim.com/content/Hc3Be3LhTbH8utrDVmJYGc/lab-3-amplifier-frequency-response-opamp-slew-rate/open"></iframe></html>
  
 --> Questions and Exercises # --> Questions and Exercises #
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 ==== CE Amplifier ==== ==== CE Amplifier ====
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-Build the circuit presented in [[reference:test-and-measurement:guides:complementary-labs:lab3:start#common_emitter_amplifier|CE Amplifier]] on the Breadboard Canvas. You can leave out the 600Ω resistor ($R_g$), as it simulates the output impedance of the function generator. You will need to power the circuit with +5V (red wire). Connect the function generator's W1 channel (yellow wire) and the oscilloscope's Channel 1+ (orange wire) to the input of the circuit and the 2+ channel of the oscilloscope (blue wire) to the output of the circuit. Ground the 1- and 2- channels of the oscilloscope (orange-white and blue-white wires), the function generator's ground, and the positive input of the opamp.+Build the circuit presented in [[test-and-measurement:guides:complementary-labs:lab3:start#common_emitter_amplifier|CE Amplifier]] on the Breadboard Canvas. You can leave out the 600Ω resistor ($R_g$), as it simulates the output impedance of the function generator. You will need to power the circuit with +5V (red wire). Connect the function generator's W1 channel (yellow wire) and the oscilloscope's Channel 1+ (orange wire) to the input of the circuit and the 2+ channel of the oscilloscope (blue wire) to the output of the circuit. Ground the 1- and 2- channels of the oscilloscope (orange-white and blue-white wires), the function generator's ground, and the positive input of the opamp.
  
 Don't forget to turn the Scope Channel 1 and Scope Channel 2 switches towards the MTE headers and the 5V switch towards the POWER label. Don't forget to turn the Scope Channel 1 and Scope Channel 2 switches towards the MTE headers and the 5V switch towards the POWER label.
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 ==== Investigating the Opamp Frequency Response ==== ==== Investigating the Opamp Frequency Response ====
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-Build the circuit presented in [[reference:test-and-measurement:guides:complementary-labs:lab3:start#slew_rate|Slew Rate]] on the Breadboard Canvas. You will need to power the opamp with ±12V (red and white wires). Connect the function generator's W1 channel (yellow wire) and the oscilloscope's Channel 1+ (orange wire) to the input of the circuit and the 2+ channel of the oscilloscope (blue wire) to the output of the circuit. Ground the 1- and 2- channels of the oscilloscope (orange-white and blue-white wires), the function generator's ground and the positive input of the opamp.+Build the circuit presented in [[test-and-measurement:guides:complementary-labs:lab3:start#slew_rate|Slew Rate]] on the Breadboard Canvas. You will need to power the opamp with ±12V (red and white wires). Connect the function generator's W1 channel (yellow wire) and the oscilloscope's Channel 1+ (orange wire) to the input of the circuit and the 2+ channel of the oscilloscope (blue wire) to the output of the circuit. Ground the 1- and 2- channels of the oscilloscope (orange-white and blue-white wires), the function generator's ground and the positive input of the opamp.
  
 Don't forget to turn the Scope Channel 1 and Scope Channel 2 switches towards the MTE headers and the 12V± switch towards the POWER label. Don't forget to turn the Scope Channel 1 and Scope Channel 2 switches towards the MTE headers and the 12V± switch towards the POWER label.
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 ===== Next Steps ===== ===== Next Steps =====
  
-For more complementary laboratories, return to the [[reference:test-and-measurement:guides:complementary-labs:start]] page of this wiki.+For more complementary laboratories, return to the [[test-and-measurement:guides:complementary-labs:start]] page of this wiki.
  
-For technical support, please visit the [[https://forum.digilentinc.com/forum/8-scopes-instruments/|Scopes and Instruments]] section of the Digilent Forums.+For technical support, please visit the [[https://forum.digilentinc.com/forum/8-test-and-measurement/|Test and Measurement]] section of the Digilent Forums.